These resources explain key components foundational for literacy development and the research to support them. Each skill area is linked to multiple, high-leverage activities that provide:
- An explanation of the activity and the students it would be appropriate for
- Step-by-step guidance on how to present the activity using a Gradual Release of Responsibility Model (the “I do- We do- You do” method)
- Tips for common areas of confusion when implementing the activity
- Classroom video example
- Scaffolding techniques for diverse learners
- Printable resource
- Ideas for additional engagement strategies
Sort by Skill
Phonological/Phonemic Awareness
Alphabet Knowledge
Decoding
Encoding and Spelling
Automaticity & Fluency
Vocabulary
Skill Overview
Decoding is the process of using learned letter-sound correspondences to sound out words and typically precedes more automatic, effortless word recognition. When a student demonstrates automatic word recognition, they access the word as if by sight. Decoding is the reverse process of encoding.