Reading Practice

Decoding is the process of using learned letter-sound correspondences to sound out words and typically precedes more automatic, effortless word recognition. When a student demonstrates automatic word recognition, they access the word as if by sight. Decoding is the reverse process of encoding.

Language comprehension and word recognition skills are necessary for all students, but the skills emphasized in a literacy block should shift across grades to reflect changing instructional priorities. Early elementary students especially benefit from phonics instruction utilizing a well-designed, targeted lesson.

Explore essential terms in the Science of Reading. This glossary breaks down key terms into simple, clear explanations.

The Simple Decoding Routine helps students apply their knowledge of letter-sound correspondences to decode unknown words rather than guessing or skipping them. A comprehensive, step-by-step guide on how to use this activity to help students establish strong foundational reading skills.

See the Reading Rope in motion. This animation, developed with Dr. Hollis Scarborough, illustrates how the strands of word recognition and language comprehension intertwine to form the foundation of proficient reading.